Baker v. Carr essays

Baker v. Carr essays Except for, arguably, Brown v. Board of Education, Baker v. Carr (1962) ...was one of the U.S. Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren's most important decisions. (http://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/imagegallery.php?EntryID=B005). The landmark ruling put into effect what has become known to be the one man, one vote standard. The case originated out of the state of Tennessee. The state had reapportioned its legislative districts in 1901, but the state legislature did not reapportion those legislative districts for the next 60 years. In most states during that elapse of time, the rural areas of the country lost population to the cities as a more agrarian way of life in the country gave way to industry, and more people moved from farms into the cities due to the economic pressures of trying to make better money. As a result, urban areas such as Memphis, Nashville, Knoxville, and Chattanooga grew in size while rural counties such as Smith, Chester, and other rural counties in Tennessee did not see nearly the same level of growth. The result of that 60 years in which Tennessee did not reapportion its legislative districts was that the weight of a vote of a person living in a rural area carried more weight than the vote of a person living in an urban area. State Representatives and state Senators in urban areas, for example, represented more people than did state Representatives and state Senators in rural areas. The population ratio between urban and rural districts was 19:1, yet their representation in the legislature was the same. (http://writ.news.findlaw.com/lazarus/20051209.html). Also, Justice Douglas, concurring, wrote, We are told that a single vote in Moore County, Tennessee, is worth 19 votes in Hamilton County... (Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186; 82 S. Ct. 691; 7 L. Ed. 2d 663 (1962). Five urban areas decided to file suit, arguing that the lack of reapport...

Best Swedish Schools to study interior design

Best Swedish Schools to study interior design Studying Interior Design in Sweden Interior design is one of the modern streams within the educational specialization variety. People are interested in living in beautiful and extraordinary apartments. More and more of young people try to fulfill their potential and creativity in developing interior design. Modern materials and settings enable designers to arrange unique and superb design, saturated with varieties of colors and forms, making the house or office a comfortable and aesthetic place for living, working or entertainment. To be an interior designer is not simply to furnish the room and allocate decorative components within the living or working space. To become mature in this sphere, one should have profound skills in drawing, color perception, taste, know interior design styles and be able to embody all this stuff in the practice. Today interior designer can hardly work without knowing corresponding computer programs for creating drafts and sketches for their customers. So as you see, studying to acquire designer degree is rather labor-consuming activity, which requires great effort. Besides your efforts, it is important to select a nice school, which can become your guide into the world of design and provide necessary qualification for your future carrier. In regard to interior design a lot of people trust their training to Swedish schools and universities. Great amount of educational institutions in Sweden with brilliant reputation can become the access for your professional carrier as a designer. Umeà ¥ Institute of Design This university provides training of the specialists in the direction of industrial design and offers five academic programs for its students. To acquire a Bachelor degree at this university one needs to pass the three-year training program. The great advantage is that education in this university is free. The education is provided only in Swedish, which can be considered as a drawback. The university also offers three international programs for obtaining Master degree. Konstfack University College of Arts, Crafts and Design This institution is one of the biggest Swedish schools, which provides training in design, arts and crafts. Almost 900 students come at the university each year to receive Bachelor and Master degrees. This school has great educational and research facilities, numerous workshops, which enable students to develop their practical skills in painting, weaving, ceramics and sculpture. HDK School of Design and Crafts HDK School of Design and Crafts provides great opportunities of training. You can undertake a short or a long term course in the school, according to your needs and circumstances. The school arranges exhibitions all the time, where students can participate. And that is a great opportunity to present your works for the potential customers and to receive first experience while studying. They offer a PhD program in design and arts. All information about start time of the courses and time when you can enroll for them is available at their website. KKH Royal Institute of Art This school has a great number of Swedish students, but it also welcomes the students from other countries. Due to well-equipped workshops, they welcome also the students with disabilities. The institute offers one-year guest program in fine arts, three-year Bachelor program, two-year Master program and PhD program for their student. This school also offers such courses as Restoration Art, Architecture Art and Architecture. The institute directs their students to development of practical skills along with the research work, which is motivated by well-arranged educational facilities. Apparently, Swedish design schools represent a great training opportunity for those, who do not want just to admire beautiful things and pieces of art, but for those, who want to create them. If you want to make your mark within the interior design sphere, do your best to take care of the appropriate education, which will spread your wings of creativity and success.

Art history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Art history - Essay Example The subject that is Madonna and child in Granacci’s painting are more real than that of Andrea. The first element that makes the painting real is the proportion of human physical features. The child in Granacci’s painting is short and stubby just like a child should be. The distance between his eyes and the nose seem more proportionate to the human size than in Andrea’s version of the child. In the second painting, the child’s leg does not resemble that of a child, it looks like an adult leg with the proportion of that of a child. The child’s stubby physique is not present in the legs and hands. The child’s eye has more color and depth in Granacci’s painting making the painting look more real. The mother in this painting also looks more real. Her physical features such as hands and the nose look more proportionate to that of a real person. In Andrà ©a’s painting, the mother’s hands are short and the artist created shadows on her

Donatello Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Donatello - Essay Example Biography: Donatello Italy is world renowned for Renaissance art and Donatello (Florence) is one of the best examples of the same. Besides, his birth was in the year 1386. After formal education, Donatello decided to be a goldsmith and underwent training. Besides, the training at the studio of Lorenzo Ghiberti helped him to realize that his field is art, not the work of a goldsmith. But he did not neglect the work as a goldsmith because it helped him to keep himself away from poverty. His deep interest in Roman architecture, especially the works by Filippo Brunelleschi, gradually attracted him towards sculpture. One can easily identify that both the artists (Donatello and Filippo Brunelleschi) revolutionized the field of sculpture and architecture in the 15th century. Donatello’s relationship with Lorenzo Ghiberti was so helpful to develop his interest in sculpture. For instance, Donatello worked as Lorenzo Ghiberti’s assistant at Florence Baptistery. Kleiner stated tha t â€Å"Donatello was also a pioneer in relief sculpture, the first to incorporate the principles of linear and atmospheric perspective, devices also employed brilliantly by Lorenzo Ghiberti in his Gates of Paradise for the Florence baptistery† (577). Lorenzo Ghiberti’s guidance helped Donatello to be free from the influence of Gothic Mannerism and to develop his own style in sculpture. Gradually, Donatello began to undertake independent works. For instance, Donatello work, bronze David proves his creativity in sculpture. Besides, this work helped Donatello to be famous in the field of sculpture, especially Renaissance sculpture. In the year 1450, Donatello completed another work in Padua, which is known as Gattamelata. This work is in the form of a statue, which deeply influenced the artists in Europe. Later in the year 1453, Donatello returned to his birthplace and began to undertake other works. His later works include St. John the Baptist and Martyrdom of St. Lawre nce. Donatello passed away in the year 1466. His body was buried in a large church in Florence, namely Basilica of San Lorenzo. Britannica Educational Publishing stated that â€Å"A good deal is known about Donatello’s life and career, but little is known about his character and personality, and what is known is not wholly reliable† (31). To be specific, Donatello’s deep interest and passion towards sculpture helped him to be one of the pioneers of early Renaissance in Italian sculpture. Ghiberti’s training helped Donatello to learn the basics of sculpture but he developed his own style in sculpture. For instance, Donatello developed his own style in sculpture, namely relief sculpture. His passion towards sculpture forced him to be in Rome and other places like Siena and Padua. This helped him to lead more about the scope of sculpture in Europe. Besides, Donatello was able to keep himself free from the influence of Gothic style of Mannerism. Within the co ntext of early Renaissance in Italian sculpture, Donatello’s name is most memorable because his sculptures represent the Renaissance spirit of the age. Analysis 1: Equestrian statue of Gattamelata The Equestrian statue of Gattamelata (see appendix-1) is a statue in Bronze by Donatello, which was commissioned in the year 1453. This sculpture, which acts the role of a landmark, is situated in Padua. This sculpture is interconnected with the history of Padua, especially the life history of condottiero Erasmo

Oxalate Complexes of Iron

Oxalate Complexes of Iron In coordination chemistry there are different types of ligands. Monodentate ligands donate only one lone pair to the metal ion. Bidentate ligands donate two pairs of electrons such as the oxalate ligands which can bind at two sites with the metal ion, thus a coordination number of three ligands around one metal ion. Oxalate has four oxygens with each having a lone pair but it only uses two lone pairs to form a coordination compound.There are also multidentate ligands such as the EDTA which donate more than two pairs of electrons. Oxalate is can be regarded as a chelating agent. This means that two or more bonds are being broken so that the ligand would be separated from the metal. These chelating ligands provide more stability to the complex than those with monodentate ligands.1 The potassium trioxalatoferrate (III) trihydrate and the iron (II) oxalate have a stereochemistry of an octahedral. The oxalate ion is a weak field ligand according to the spectrochemical series. The Fe2+ has 6 electron in its d orbitals while Fe3+ would have 5 electrons. The unpaired electrons of the iron (III) would have a high spin and so behave paramagnetically. Fe2+ and Fe3+ electrons can either distribute themselves either in a low spin or a high spin arrangement. An example of the arrangement which is more favoured according to Hunds rule 3d 4s 4p 3d 4s 4p Iron can accept 6 pairs of electrons because the orbitals are hybridised in a way to produce 6 orbitals of equal energy. A redox titration is a type of reaction which is based on redox equations between the analyte and the titrant. Reduction-oxidation reactions are reactions where one of the component is being oxidized such as iron (II) to iron (III) thus becoming more positively charged while the other is being reduced thus it is gaining electrons and will become less positive in its nature. Potassium permanganate has the formula of MnO4- which can be reduced to Mn2+ in reducing conditions. This is an oxidizing agent. In this experiment the iron (II) oxalate and potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate were analysed. Then these two salts were analyzed for their iron and oxalate content and also the empirical formula of each salt was determined. Apparatus: Pasteur pipette, weighing boat, spatula, watch glass, measuring cyclinder stirring rod, Buchner funnel ,stopper, heating mantle, balance, beakers, thermometer, filter paper, ice-salt bath, flasks. Chemicals: Chemical Brand Grade Ferrous ammonium sulfate GPR Aldrich Oxalic acid dihydrate GPR N/A 2M sulphuric acid GPR BDH Acetone GPR BDH Iron(II) oxalate GPR N/A Potassium oxalate monohydrate GPR BDH Hydrogen peroxide GPR BDH Ethanol GPR BDH Potassium permanganate GPR BDH Zinc GPR Carlo Erba Method: Experiment A: Preparation of Iron(II) Oxalate 15g of ferrous ammonium sulphate were dissolved in 50cm3 of warm water which has been acidified with 2M sulphuric acid (1cm3). 75cm3 of 10% oxalic acid solution was added with rapid stirring. The mixture was heated gently to the boiling point and then the yellow precipitate of ferrous oxalate was allowed to settle. The precipitate was removed by filtration on a Buchner funnel. It was washed thoroughly with hot water and then with acetone. The product was allowed to dry on the funnel under suction and weighed. The product was used for the next section. Experiment B: Preparation of potassium trioxalatoferrate(III)Trihydrate 3.25g of ferrous oxalate was suspended in a warm solution of potassium oxalate (5g in 15cm3 water. 15cm3 of 20vol hydrogen peroxide was added from a burette whilst the solution was stirred continuously and maintained at 40OC. The solution contained the precipitate of ferric hydroxide. This was removed by heating the solution to boiling. 10cm3 of 10% oxalic acid and then a further small amount of oxalic acid was added dropwise until the precipitate just dissolved. During the addition of oxalic acid, the solution was maintained near the boiling point. The hot solution was filtered. 15cm3 of ethanol was added to the filtrate, any crystals that were formed by gentle heating were re-dissolved and put in a dark cupboard to crystallise. The crystals were collected by filtration on a Buchner funnel. These were washed with an equivolume mixture of ethanol and water and finally with acetone. This was dried,weighed and the product kept in the dark. Experiment C: The analysis of the products for iron and oxalate Iron(II) oxalate 0.3g of oxalate was dissolved in 25cm3 of 2M sulphuric acid. The solution was heated to 60OC and titrated with 0.02M standard potassium permanganate solution until the first permanent pink colour was observed. 2g of zinc dust were added to the solution and boiled for 25 minutes. It was filtered through the glass wall and the residual was washed with 2M sulphuric acid. The washings were added to the filtrate and this was titrated with a solution of standard potassium permanganate The percentages of iron, oxalate, water of crystallisation in the product and the empirical formula were determined. Potassium trioxalateoferrate(III) trihydrate 0.2g of the complex were dissolved in 25cm3 2M sulphuric acid. This was titrated with 0.02M standard potassium permanganate solution until the first permanent pink colour was observed. 2g of zinc dust were added to the solution and boiled for 25 minutes. This was filtered through a glass wool and the residual was washed with 2M sulphuric acid. The washings were added to the filtrate and this was titrated with a solution of standard potassium permanganate. The percentage of iron and oxalate in the complex was determined. These were compared to the theoretical values. Results: Experiment A: Ferrous oxalate: 7.478g Experiment B Potassium oxalate:5.058g Potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) hydrate:6.019g Ferrous oxalate:3.273g Experiment C: Iron oxalate: 0.301g Volume of potassium permanganate Initial Final Titre value Volume of potassium permanganate after adding zinc Initial Final Titre value Potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate:0.200g Volume of potassium permanganate Initial Final Titre value Volume of potassium permanganate after adding zinc Initial Final Titre value Calculation: Iron(II) oxalate Iron(II) and oxalate is oxidized by permanganate to Iron(III) and carbon dioxide Iron(III) is reduced by zinc to Iron(II) MnO4- + 5Fe3+-+ 8H +→Mn2 + + 5Fe2+ + 4H2O Iron 0.02 moles=1000cm3 ? 17.2cm3 3.4410-4 moles 5Fe2+:1MnO4- 1.72X10-3:3.44X10-4moles 1mole=56g 1.7210-3moles=? 0.096g Oxalate 2MnO4- +5C2O42-+16H+→ 2Mn2+ + 10CO2+8H2O 52.4cm3-17.2cm3=35.2cm3 0.02moles=1000cm3 ? 35.2cm3 7.0410-4moles 2MnO-4:5C2O42- 7.04X10-4:1.76X10-3 1mole=88g 1.7610-3moles=? 0.155g Empirical formula 0.096g+0.155g=0.251g 0.301g-0.251g=0.05g 1mole=18g ? = 0.05g 2.7810-3moles 1.7210-3 moles 1.7610-3moles 2.7810-3moles 1.7210-3 moles 1.7210-3moles 1.7210-3moles 1 1.02~1 1 .6 ~ 2 FeC2O4.2H2O % of iron, oxalate and water of crystallisation in Iron(II) oxalate Theoretical Fe C2O4 2H2O 56g 88g 36g 180g 180g 18 31% 49% 20% Experimented Fe C2O4 2H2O 0.096g 0.155g 0.05g 0.301g 0.301g 0.301g 31.89% 51.5% 16.6% Potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate Oxalate is oxidized by permanganate to carbon dioxide Iron(III) is reduced by zinc to Iron(II) Iron MnO4- + 5Fe3+-+ 8H +→Mn2 + + 5Fe2+ + 4H2O 0.02moles=1000cm3 ? 4.1cm3 8.210-5 moles 5Fe2+:1MnO4- 4.110-4moles: 8.210-5 moles 1 mole=56g 4.110-4moles =0.023g Oxalate 2MnO4- +5C2O42-+16H+→ 2Mn2+ + 10CO2+8H2O 0.02 moles=1000cm3 ? 26.4cm3 5.2810-4moles 2MnO4-:5C2O4 5.2810-4:1.3210-3 moles 1 mole=88g 1.3210-3 moles=? 0.116g K3[Fe(C2O4)3].3H2O= RMM 471 % of iron and oxalate in potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate Theoretical K3 Fe (C2O4)3 3H2O 120 56 264 36 471 471 471 471 25.48% 11.9% 56% 7.64% Experimented Fe (C2O4)3 0.023 0.116 0.2 0.2 11.5% of iron in potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate 58% of oxalate in potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate Precautions: The crystals were scraped from the filter paper which could lead to inaccurate filtration. The temperature of the solution was kept above 60oC during the titration of iron oxalate against potassium permanaganate. Titration apparatus was washed accordingly; Pipette and burette were washed first with water and then with the solution. Flasks were washed with water only. It was made sure that the burette was not leaky since it would affect the final result. The product of potassium trioxalatoferate(III) trihydrate was put in a dark cupboard since it is photosensitive causing loss of product. A heating mantle was used instead of a bunsen burner because ethanol is flammable. When the ethanol was added to the filtrate in part B the solution was left to cool down since if the ethanol was added to the hot filtrate the ethanol could have evaporated. Sources of error: Glassware that was not calibrated properly could be a source of error The crystals were not dried completely and so would lead to higher weight. Loss of the product due to transferring from the balance to the flask, due to air currents and unsteady movements. The color of the end point could be misleading as different people have different sensitivity to colors. Hydrogen peroxide could decompose in light and so the oxidation of iron (II) and iron (III) would not be completed. Permanganate solution when allowed to stand in burette can undergo partial decomposition to MnO2. Difficult in seeing the measurements on the burette because of the dark violet produced by the permanganate solution Ferric ion is reddish brown which could have interfered with the observation of the faint pink titration endpoint. Discussion: Preparation of iron(II) oxalate When oxalic acid is added to the mixture of ferrous ammonium sulphate in water and acidified with 2M of sulphuric acid, ions would form in solution. [NH4]2Fe[SO4]2.6H2O + H2O Â ® 2NH4+ + 2SO42- + Fe2+ 2 When adding oxalic acid to the solution oxalate ion forms which then reacts with the iron(II) forming the iron(II) oxalic acid which is the product. This is the yellow precipitate which is removed by precipitation on a Buchner funnel. It is then washed with water and acetone to remove impurities. H2C2O4.2H2O + H2O Â ® 2H+ + [C2O4]2- 2 Fe2++ [C2O4]2- Â ® Fe[C2O4]. 2H2O 2 Preparation of Potassium Trioxalatoferrate(III) Trihydrate When potassium oxalate is added to the ferrous oxalate an orange intermediate complex would be formed. During the preparation of Potassium trioxalatoferrate (III) trihydrate the iron(II) in the iron(II) oxalate have to be oxidized to Iron(III). This is done by an oxidizing agent which in this case hydrogen peroxide is used. A brown precipitate of Iron(III) hydroxide would form 2Fe2+ + H2O2 + 2H+ → 2Fe3+ + 2H2O 3 Fe3+ + 3OH- → Fe(OH)3 3 This could be removed by excess heating. 10% oxalic acid was added and so the oxalate ion could coordinate around the iron(III) metal forming a complex of Fe(C2O4). A green solution would form in this stage. The following net equation would take place converting the iron(III) oxalate to trioxalatoferrate(III) ion. Fe2(C2O4)3 + 3 H2C2O4 + 6 H2O → 2 [Fe(C2O4)3]3- + 6 H3O+ 3 The trioxalatoferrate(III) salt is soluble in water and would not precipitate out from an aqueous solution. Ethanol which is a less polar than water is added so that the salt would precipitate out since it is less soluble in ethanol. The precipitation is added by leaving the mixture overnight so that the salt would precipitate. This is placed in the dark because light would reduce the Iron(III) to Iron(II) 3 K+ + [Fe(C2O4)3]3- → K3[Fe(C2O4)3] 3 Made by Chem.Windows Analysis of the products for iron and oxalate In the last part of the experiment the percentage of iron, oxalate and water of crystallisation was found by titration of the iron(II) oxalate with potassium permanganate which is the titrant. The volume of potassium permanganate needed to react with the known volume of analyte was found. The titration was marked when a faint pink colour appeared. This is the Mn2+ which serves as its own indicator to show when the titration is ready. In the first part the oxalate and iron(II) are both oxidized to Iron(III) and carbon dioxide. Zinc is added which acts as a reducing agent which reduces the iron(III) back to iron(II). When titrating the potassium permanganate with the potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate salt, a faint pink colour is observed when the stoichiometric point has been reached thus titration would be completed. In the first part the oxalate only is oxidized to carbon dioxide since iron(III) is already in its oxidized form. When zinc dust is added to the Iron (III) it is reduced to its reduced form iron(II). The solution would remain colourless until all the oxalate salt is used. The solution is heated to 60OC since if the reaction takes place at room temperature it would be too slow. The oxidation of the oxalate anion which is an organic chelating agent, does not take place very easily. In the presence of a metal ion, the rate of reaction increases since the oxidation would be kinetically more favourable when forming an intermediate metal chelate. 4 In this experiment this type of intermediate had formed during the conversion of the oxalate ion to carbon dioxide by the permanganate ion. 4 The permanganate ion is reduced to a lower oxidation state by taking an electron from the oxalate and so the carbon carbon bond in the oxalate is broken forming carbon dioxide.4 Made by ChemWindows 4 From the results one could observe that the percentages of iron and oxalate in the theoretical yield which are 31% and 49% respectively are quite comparable to those percentages of the theoretical which are 31.89% and 51.5%. The theoretical percentage where brought by comparing the iron and oxalate to the RMM of the iron (II) oxalate. The theoretical % of water of crystallisation in this compound is 20% which resulted to be in close proximity to the experimented value that of 16.6%. When working the empirical formula of the oxalate iron an approximation was taken and so it was not very accurate. The ratio of 1.02 was rounded to 1 and the ratio of 1.6 was rounded to 2 for the water of crystallisation in the salt to result in the empirical formula of FeC2O4.2H2O When working the percentages of iron and oxalate in the potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate the percentages were also very near to the theoretical value since the % of iron in the salt is 11.9% when working the theoretical and the experimented values were worked to be 11.5%. On the other hand, theoretically 56% of the trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate is oxalate and 58% oxalate in experimented value. Conclusion: One can conclude that the aims were reached. The preparation of these two compounds was done so that in the end the percentage of both iron oxalate in the iron(II) oxalate and the potassium trioxalatoferrate(III) trihydrate would be determined. The theoretical percentage of iron and oxalate of the theoretical were approximately very near those that were determined experimentally. The empirical formula of the iron(II)oxalate was also found to be FeC2O4.2H2O

Global Crossing Management

Global Crossing Management 1 Global Crossing Management Mary Adams MGT/330 April 6, 2010 Global Crossing Management 2 Global Crossing Management Global Crossing was founded in 1997 by Gary Winnick. They reported $3. 8 billion in revenue and $1. 9 billion in losses in 2000. Global Crossing is a leading global IP solutions provider. Global Crossing has developed the world’s first integrated global IP-based network, according to the About Global Crossing article (2010). The management of Global Crossing began the company by using all four functions of management. The planning function of management was the beginning of turning an idea into a success. According to University of Phoenix Week Two reading Planning and Strategic Management (2010), â€Å"Planning is the conscious, systematic process of making decisions about goals and activities that an individual, group, work unit, or organization will pursue in the future. † There are six steps in the planning process that Global Crossing had to use in order to plan for the company’s future. The first step in the planning process is a situational analysis. A ituation analysis is when past events are studied, current conditions are examined, and future trends are forecasted. The second step in the planning process is developing alternative goals and plans. Goals should be specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound. The third step in the planning process is evaluating goals and plans. Management should evaluate the effects of Global Crossing Management 3 the goals and plans, prioritize goals, and consider implications. The fourth step in the planning process is selecting the goals and plans that are the most appropriate. This will lead to a written set of goals and plans. The fifth step in the planning process is implementing the plans. Implementing the plan requires all managers and employees to understand the plan and to be motivated to implement the plan. The sixth step in the planning process is monitoring and controlling. Monitoring and controlling is necessary in determining if the plan is successful. According to About Global Crossing (2010), some of the Global Crossing management’s plans were to provide telecommunications, deliver services globally, and employ a team of dedicated rofessionals. Many different factors influence Global Crossing’s strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning. Some of those factors are Global Crossing’s management’s strengths and weaknesses. A strong management can work well together to develop strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency plans. However, if the management team is weak, the strategic, tactical, operati onal, and contingency plans may also be weak. The economy is another factor that can influence Global Crossing’s strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning. The plans may need to be different when the economy is good than when the economy is bad. Global Crossing Management 4 Scandals within the company is a factor that can influence strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning at Global Crossing. Scandals can affect trust between employees and managers as well as affect the trust that the consumers have in the company. Global Crossing has had some scandals that have influenced management planning. These scandals have brought about legal issues, ethic issues, and corporate social responsibility ssues for Global Crossing and the future of Global Crossing. Ackman (2002) stated that Global Crossing faced issues in 2002 when the company went bankrupt. Ackman (2002) also stated that Global Crossing and Gary Winnick were charged with â€Å"dishonest accounting, fraudulent swapping of assets and liabilities, and the enrichment of top executives† even though other employees lost millions. Greed seemed to be the downfall of Gl obal Crossing. Global Crossing faced ethics issues when it was discovered that Gary Winnick and former CEO, Leo Hindery, Jr. ere involved with insider trading. Another ethics issue with Global Crossing was capacity swapping. The new management team at Global Crossing see ethics as an important part of the company and the planning process. Ethics influence management planning at Global Crossing because it plays an important part in the planning process. When planning, Global Crossing’s management planned a code of ethics and business Global Crossing Management 5 conduct plan. According to Code of Ethics and Business Conduct (n. d. ), management at Global Crossing make sure that all employees review and agree with the Code of Ethics. If employees do not comply with the Code of Ethics, they will be subject to discipline and could even be terminated. At the same time that Global Crossing was facing ethic issues within the company, they were also facing legal issues. Insider trading and capacity swapping were both illegal. Gary Winnick, Leo Hindery, Jr. , and many others faced legal charges for their illegal activities. The new management team planned the Code of Ethics and Business Conduct plan to make sure the ompany does not get involved with any illegal activities again. Corporate social responsibility is an important part of Global Crossing and the management planning process. John Legere, CEO of Global Crossing, and management and employees of Global Crossing have developed many different programs that show corporate social responsibility in their planning. It is stated in Corporate Social Responsibility (2009) that Global Caring i s a worldwide program that developed an Employee Community Day. Each employee is granted one extra day off to pursue a charitable contribution to their community. MATHNext is an education program that Global Crossing has helped by providing technology, Global Crossing Management 6 donating laptop computers, and providing videoconferencing and web-based seminars. Global Crossing also participates in Going Green. Global Crossing is a company that has faced a downfall and with a new management team, has rebuilt itself. Many different factors can influence management planning. Issues such as legal issues, ethics, and corporate social responsibility can influence management planning. These factors and issues can make a company a failure with a poor management team. The same factors and issues can also make a company a success with a strong management team. Global Crossing has been turned from a failure to a success with a strong management team and proper planning. Global Crossing Management 7 References About Global Crossing. (2010). Global Crossing. Retrieved April 25, 2010, from http://www. globalcrossing. com/company/company_landing. aspx Ackman, D. (2002). House committees to investigate Global Crossing. Forbes. com. Retrieved April 25, 2010, from http://www. forbes. com/2002/03/13/0313topnews. html Code of Ethics and Business Conduct. (n. d. ). Global Crossing. Retrieved April 26, 2010, from http://www. globalcrossing. com/docs/Ethics/GlobalCrossingCodeofConductPolicy_eng. pdf Corporate Social Responsibility. (2009). Global Crossing. Retrieved April 26, 2010, from http://www. globalcrossing. com/company/company_global_caring. aspx University of Phoenix. (2010). Planning and Strategic Management. Retrieved April 22, 2010, from University of Phoenix, Week Two reading, aXcess, MGT330-Management: Theory, Practice and Application Course Web site.

What Every Body Is Saying About Good Economic Topics to Write Essay Is Dead Wrong and Why

What Every Body Is Saying About Good Economic Topics to Write Essay Is Dead Wrong and Why To get the maximum grade for your essay, you need not just to fill it with pertinent info and dependable facts or examples from your own personal life. In any event, it's imperative that you place in the prewriting time to think of some excellent classification essay topics. When writing essays, the very first step is to develop a very good topic to write about. There are many intriguing topics that could be become a persuasive essay if you take the opportunity to consider about doing it. Chemistry papers can be challenging, not due to the topic, but due to picking the topic. Persuasive essays are a fantastic means to encourage the reader to check at a particular topic in a different light. All persuasive essays are like argumentative essays. A classification essay may be a good source of self-reflection. On occasion the conclusion can either make or break a speech, so it's a good concept to devote a good period of time refining it. You'll quickly discover that a small discussion can go quite a way. Selecting an intriguing topic is important for the success of your research project because it is going to send you in the perfect direction and help you to stay interested and motivated during the whole writing process. Be certain that you speak to your professor so you know your topic will be suitable for the endeavor. Research paper writing is a rather important skill that ought to be taught in middle school and higher school. Individual schools sometimes need supplemental essays. Now you have learned how to develop demonstrative speech topics, it's time to begin! Research papers are trying, but in addition they have the capability to be somewhat rewarding. If it's possible to figure out how to tie your passion and research in your paper you will be certain to not just earn a great grade, but in addition touch some hearts and minds while swaying people toward your perspective. Additional people drink for assorted explanations. Write only a single word to describe what you want to say, and after that elaborate the point verbally by practicing before a mirror. In 1 way, you're able to come across topics to compose articles on and in another way you're now writing on something that people actually wish to read about. Writing a speech may sometimes look challenging, especially if you're uncomfortable giving speeches to others. Essay should be broken into paragraphs so the reader will find it simple to understand. Similar to any oth er essay, a definition one has its peculiarities together with content requirements that should be met to be successful in the writing. To start with, your key to winning essay is a crystal clear comprehension of what it is that you're likely to handle. There's a selection of essay types, and every one of them are able to assist you in developing your abilities and widening your knowledge. Moreover, after you choose your subject, take some time to make sure you've thought of every possible category. Topics can vary from research to real-life events, based on the class. Some political topics include things like pending legislative debts, the budget or employment development. The Demise of Good Economic Topics to Write Essay In the event you use up all your ideas Keep writing their are quite a few permutations and combinations of articles that you may write about on any topic and you wouldn't have the time to exhaust all of them. A benefit to writing about a present passion i s that you're able to market yourself as an expert on this issue and become a prolific writer on the topic in various on-line venues. Other methods to find new topics is to see the library or an excellent bookshop and browse the titles. If you by chance have used all of your topics already, think back to something they may have said and inquire about that. The majority of the writers find it tough to choose topics to compose articles the majority of the moment. All you may have to do is search for the topic you are considering and a list of all potential hits for you to select from will be shown. Good Economic Topics to Write Essay Secrets You're a thriving writer at whatever stage you find yourself whether you're putting ideas on paper and discover that individuals understand what you're expressing. If you're searching for topics to write an argumentative paper on, there are a couple things which will surely make things simpler for you. Attempting to produce topics for your artist blog can depart from your mind feeling blank. Good Economic Topics to Write Essay - Overview For instance, if you're likely to compose some articles about renewable energy then the TV can offer you some genuine great ideas about what's going on around the world concerning renewable energy sources. As an example, most people already know that food ca n be broken into various food groups dependent on the nutrition each food provides. It might be tough for you to develop an original topic about life because so many individuals have written about it already. The Advantages of Good Economic Topics to Write Essay One of the most intriguing sections of a classification essay is exploring the many ways which you can categorize the sections of your subject. After you produce a list of subjects you enjoy, consider the way you can approach it from an intriguing angle. If you're able to select a topic that is relevant to your life, you'll find that you are better focused on completing the job. So you will need to scale down to be certain that you will be in a position to run a research within a limited time period. The Importance of Good Economic Topics to Write Essay For instance, if you wish to create income from a blog, then you must be writing about topics that interest due to the fact that many readers as possible. It's possi ble to observe an instance of an SEJ Link Roundup here. Some fantastic articles may also come from the well-known questions asked for now. Since you will have written article after article on a particular topic, you would perhaps wonder what things to write next. When you're writing your post make sure to concentrate on quality and attempt to give the ideal content and solution so people will share your content over others. You may then fine tune your topic dependent on the trend you see. Write a few articles to find out if people respond to your ideas, and think about a very simple product that you can create. You will receive a notion of the various variations your topic may have online.